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Scoliosis

Managing spinal curvature to protect function and confidence

About Scoliosis

Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine, often combined with rotation of the vertebrae. It affects around 3–4% of the population and most commonly develops during the adolescent growth spurt (adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, AIS). In children with neurological conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spina bifida, scoliosis is also common and may progress more rapidly. The Scoliosis Association UK estimates that around 450,000 people in the UK are affected. Mild scoliosis can often be managed with physiotherapy; more severe curves may require bracing or surgical intervention. Physiotherapy has an important role across all stages — supporting posture, core strength, breathing, and emotional wellbeing.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis most commonly develops in girls aged 10–18 during puberty. Neuromuscular scoliosis can occur at any age in children with underlying conditions. Congenital scoliosis is present from birth due to a malformed vertebra.

Information sourced from: Scoliosis Association UK, NHS, NICE

Signs & Symptoms

  • Visible asymmetry — one shoulder, shoulder blade, or hip appearing higher
  • The spine appearing curved rather than straight when viewed from behind
  • A rib hump when bending forward (Adam's forward bend test)
  • Uneven waistline or leg length discrepancy
  • Back or rib pain, especially in larger curves
  • Reduced trunk flexibility and rotation
  • In severe curves — breathing difficulties due to thoracic restriction
  • Postural fatigue and difficulty maintaining upright sitting

How Physiotherapy Helps

  • Schroth method and SEAS (Scientific Exercise Approach to Scoliosis) — evidence-based scoliosis-specific physiotherapy
  • Core and spinal stabilisation exercises
  • Postural correction and body awareness training
  • Breathing exercises to improve thoracic expansion and respiratory function
  • Hydrotherapy for spinal mobility and core strength in a low-load environment
  • Advice on bracing wear, posture during daily activities, and school ergonomics
  • Monitoring and referral if curve progression is noted
  • Pre and post-operative physiotherapy for surgical cases

What to Expect from Physio4Kids

1

Postural assessment and spinal mobility measurement (Cobb angle referral criteria)

2

Scoliosis-specific physiotherapy programme (Schroth or SEAS approach)

3

Education about the condition and importance of active self-management

4

Collaboration with orthopaedic surgeons, orthotists, and radiologists

5

Liaison with schools regarding seating and physical education

6

Written reports for consultants, legal, or case management purposes

Ready to discuss Scoliosis support?

Our specialist physiotherapy team has extensive experience supporting children and young adults with scoliosis. Contact us today for a free initial conversation.